Canadian Arctic Islands

Lower Savage Islands, Monumental Island, Lady Franklin Island & Pangnirtung

August 2024

Day 6 on the ship and another day of waking early and thankfully to a bright day, not quite sunny but definitely a huge improvement on the day before. 

Today’s destination was the Lower Savage Islands.  A group of rugged islands that sit in the mouth of Frobisher Bay and are over 2 billion years old – give or take 5,000 million years!  Years of ice, water and wind have cracked two deep channels in the islands and the plan for the day was to use the zodiac’s to cruise up the channels looking for wildlife.   

We have all been put into groups, to manage timings for people getting off the boat, and annoying I am in the second group today.  Mostly annoying because I had already been up early and now had to wait until 10.45 to get to do something off the ship.  As much as I enjoy expedition cruising to see remote places, I am not a fan of the structure and all the waiting!

I was lucky to get on the first boat of the second group off the ship but the luck ended there – we zipped through the lumpy seas in to the relative calm of the islands, only to be called back to the ship as someone had made the call that it was unsafe for passengers to get on and off the zodiacs! It was a shame we could not have stayed out, given we were already off the ship but sadly not, so our 75 minute zodiac cruise turned in to a 20 minute one that basically went nowhere!   And sure it was a little lumpy getting back on the ship, but it didn’t seem that bad to me.

So it was back to the ship for the next meal 🥴.

Thankfully they adjusted the schedule so my group got to go out first in the afternoon and this time we did get to get off the ship.  Unfortunately, there was not a huge amount of wildlife – one ring seal who was pretty interested in us, some gillimots and gulls and that is about it!  That said there was some interesting landscapes, waterfalls, and ending with a rainbow which was pretty special. 

I knew there would not be a huge amount of wildlife on this trip but I have been surprised by the almost complete lack of it, including birds.  Never mind, it just means I will be planning another trip to the Artic in the not too distant future 😂.

It was a lovely sunset and tonight was the first night of possibly seeing the northern lights and bam – there they were. It was very hard to take photos on a moving ship but it was still amazingly to see them. 

We sailed 6 hours over night to our next destination and the sea was a little lumpy and there was something banging in my room which I could not find – so annoying, and of course I woke early again to beautiful skies and a few clouds. 

We started the morning moored just off Momumental Island with a background of dramatic skies. It is apparently one of the most wildlife rich areas in Nunavut.  Sadly, the conditions were not good for going out in zodiacs so the morning trips were cancelled, but on the positive side, some had spotted a polar bear on the island and thankfully we could just see it from the ship.  I got some terrible photos but at least I saw the bear and got a photo 💚.

After lunch we moved to nearby Lady Franklin’s Island.  It was a beautiful spot, with dramatic skies and small icebergs in the distance. A few people spotted another polar bear but it had vanished by the time I had my camera 😢. Again, the afternoon zodiac cruises were also cancelled so we sat there trying to spot any sign of life on the island.  It was stir crazy day, being so close to leaving the ship twice, but never quite making it.   It felt like all I had done all day was eat, so I skipped dinner – the last thing I needed was a 3 course meal 🥴.

Next day we were still at sea during the morning and had a very interesting geology talk as we sailed through the stunning fjord, surrounded by snow capped mountains.  Three of the staff are geologists so we are never short of conversations about rocks 😜 and by early afternoon, we finally got off the ship into the town of Pangnirtung in the Kuugarjuaq Fjord off Cumberland Sound.  The local names are very descriptive – Kuugarjquaq meaning “Becoming a Large River” and Pangnirtung meaning “The place of the Bull Caribu”.

It is a quintessential Inuit Hamlet who did not have European contact until 100 years ago when the Husdon’s Bay Company (yes, them again) established a trading post in the town, which grew into a modern town which is now home to approximately 1,500 people.  We are in peak caribou hunting season so many of the town’s population were out hunting during our visit. 

What a difference the sun makes, this town, although probably no pretty than the last, almost looked quaint in the sun.  Of course, it is much smaller than Iqaluit, but has the same style of houses, built on short stilts to avoid damage from permafrost.

After a few days on the ship, I was really keen to get out and stretch my legs. I was a little concerned as they had said the walking option was ‘hard’, but it was really anything but and I am glad I did it.  We just walked up the hill behind the town which had beautiful views.  Despite having a guide with a gun, in the unlikely event we meet a polar bear, the area was yet again devoid of wildlife.  I did spot a couple of birds, way in the distance and a couple of walrus skulls adorning houses -that is about as good as it got. 🫤

The walk took us up a track and then we went off piste on the very squishy mossy hillside and before long, the squishy moss turned in to boggy moss as we found our way down the trackless hill side.  It was just lovely to get out in the brisk fresh air. 

Back in town I joined a cultural walk, lead by one of the young people from the town. She was a little shy but her English was good.  Despite being in Canada, most children in this town are not taught French, and the first language for almost all inhabitants is the local Inuktitut which is what most of the local primary school is taught in. 

The Hudson’s Bay Blubber station is one of the key sites in town.  In 1926-1927, this station was used for processing fat and hides of whales and seals and the site consists of the blubber yard and the original blubber and storage shed!  

Our young guide didn’t actually know much about the blubber station but she was happy to tell us about Caribou hunting.  Apparently, they head out in boat, some are lucky enough to shoot from the boat, but others will hike and set up camp on land.  They can catch two per family and our guide was very proud to say that her boyfriend just caught a big bull Caribou.

Our next stops were some local artists studios, including printing, carving and the making of the famous Pangnirtung hats before a quick visit to the museum.  I could have spent longer there but we were due at the Community Centre for a local cultural performance.  They don’t get a lot of visitors here, and no one was really sure what the performances would be!

We were welcomed by the mayor, not only a woman, but the youngest mayor they have ever had before being given a demonstration on how they make/use an ‘oil lamp’ that provides light, heat and for cooking.  She commented that they reason they used this method was because if you lived in an igloo you could not have too much fire 🤣.

As many of the town’s inhabitants were out hunting, the organiser had struggled to find performers but she found two young girls who were learning the local throat singing.  Known as locally as katajjaq, throat singing is a guttural style of singing (more like chanting) that produces sounds from the reverberation in the throat, normally performed by two women.  This was their first time performing and they were good (I think) until they started laughing at each other 😂.  The event was rounded off by some ‘bone’ games, using caribou neck and seal bones and an opportunity to sample some food. 

It was a great day, so good to be off the ship, have a nice walk in nature, a little culture and of course some sun.  The town was so welcoming and most people we passed wanted to say hello.  To round off a good day, we had a beautiful sunset and some more northern lights.  Unfortunately, this time the ship was moving just a little too much to get decent photos 😔 but of course I have the memories.

Across the Davis Strait to Canada & a day in Iqaluit

Canada, August 2024

We all know how much I love a sunrise so I was pleased to be up just in time for it this morning. The time difference across the sea is 3 hours. So, to even that out, we put the on-ship clocks back two hour last night and a further one hour tonight. 

Clearly, last night was not the right time to skip dinner (which I had done because I had eaten so much during the day lol), as I was wide awake and starving early and there is no food to be had until what my body thinks is 9.30am 🥴 not even a biscuit in sight.   Thankfully a pod of long finned pilot whales swam by to distract me a little 👍🏻.  Whale sightings are always a great way to start the day. 

As we crossed into Canadian waters we have a talk about seabirds.  I must admit I was surprised by the lack of bird life so far.  I am sure I remember in the Sothern Ocean, always being surrounded by large flocks of sea birds but here not so much.  Despite that, I did spend some time on deck trying to take some bird photos and surprisingly got a photo of another whale. 😂.  Not a good photo and it was hard to get an ID but possibly a Sei whale.   I did also get a couple of half decent shots of the Northern Fulmars, who seem to be the most common birds we are seeing around the ship.

Being at sea meant a pretty relaxed day, and I think the jet lag was finally catching up with me so I took the opportunity to get some extra sleep but as the day wore on I had to head back up to the top deck to watch the big iceberg’s floating by on the generally calm seas.  One of the icebergs had a large flock on kittywakes (I think) roosting on it which helped to give some perspective to just how large these icebergs are!

In the afternoon we had a talk on human migration in the region.  An incredibly complex topic and one which I am not sure I fully understand, or could give any justice to here, but in a nutshell … many different Inuit people arrived at different times over the last 4,500 years and from different directions.  They had various levels of success, the most successful seemed to be the Thule people who had bows and arrows for hunting, and were already using kayaks and dog sleds. They also used iron, some of which was sources from a meteorite which was found in the north of the Greenland.

Then came the Norse (basically Vikings) lead by Eric the Red in 982AD, a convicted murderer who had been banished from Iceland.  Apparently, he is responsible for the name Greenland, thinking it would attract people to move from Iceland.  They established two settlements and stayed around until the 1500s when another ice age meant they could no longer farm so had to move on.

The Dane’s arrived in south western Greenland in 1721, setting up seasonal trading posts and churches to convert the local Inuits.  Today, despite being the ‘ruling’ country, Danes only make up 11% of the population, and only a similar amount speak Danish as a first or only language.  Most of the Dane’s are in administration roles or are teachers/professors or skilled tradesmen.

I rounded off the day with some very cool icebergs and, just to top it off, a sperm whale 🐋.  I must admit I was pretty pleased with my whale count for the day 👍🏻.

Despite arriving in Canadian waters yesterday morning, it was this morning we had to do the formalities once we arrived near Iqaluit (means Place of Many Fish) – a community in Nunavut, in the Canadian arctic.

We had had another hour time change the night before so of course I was wide awake way to early again. I did get to enjoy an impressive thunder storm as we sailed towards the town, though we had little to no visibility due to the persistent rain and low cloud.

Nunavut (means Our Land), is Canada’s newest and largest territory, covering more the 1/5th of Canada’s land mass.  It is made up of lots of islands and has a population of only 37,000 people.  Apparently, there are 25 x more Caribou than there are people in the territory 😂 which is mostly ice cap and arctic tundra.  And the area has very little rainfall so it seems that joke is on us, as my hike that had been planned for the day had to be cancelled due to the rain!

85% of the area’s population are indigenous (mostly Inuit) and there are four official languages – English, French, Inuktitut, and Inuinnaqtun.  All signs have 4 languages on them and all officials have to speak all four!  Interesting the written language for Inuktitut was developed by a missionary for the Cree language and it was adopted by the Inuit’s for the Canadian Inuktitut language.

We were not allowed to take any food off the boat, and, we had been advised not to buy things in the shops here as stocks in the town are very limited, so before departing the ship, we had 2 breakfasts!  The first at 6.30am and the second at 9.30am!  Unfortunately, it was closer to midday when Canadian entry requirements were finished and we were finally allowed off the ship.

Fun facts, Baffin Island is the 5th largest island in the world, and … Iqaluit has the second highest tide in the world (technically related to the highest tide variation in the world in the Bay of Fundy).  A variation from low to high tide of 12 metres!!

The sea was relatively calm for our 3km zodiac ride to the shore but it was raining so we were fully kitted up in wet weather gear including gum boots for the first time.  On the shore, we had a wet landing (meaning we had to get off the zodiac into the sea and then wade up) and we then boarded the old Canadian school buses for the tour.

Instead of the hike, I went on a so-called ‘cultural’ tour and the guide on my bus was a French Canadian called Benoit, who has lived in the town for 10 years.   He seemed very connected with the area and it’s people despite being a Kablunaat (or foreigner). Now I am going to preface the rest of what I write on this visit to say that Benoit was FULL of stories.  Stories that jumped from polar bears swimming to Greenland, to stories of things he has done e.g. cycling through Russia in the winter, teaching local children to ski, building a hut, working as polar bear protection on radar stations etc.  I think many of these stories needed to be taken with a little scepticism. True or not, he was incredibly excited and enthusiastic about everything he told us. 

Inuits have lived in this area for over 4,000 years, but the town of Iqaluit started life as a base for the Hudson Bay Trading Company called Frobisher Bay before being expanded by the US during the Second World War as a refuelling station of their planes.  It was renamed as Iqaluit in 1987 and despite it being a somewhat modern ‘city’ it doesn’t work!  Important infrastructure like roads, water and sewage all break in the weather conditions and permafrost.  I can certainly voucher for the quality, or lack there of, of the roads! 

Not only does not much work, but it is also very expensive to live here.  It costs around C$5,000 a month to rent an apartment so many apartments have multiple families living in them. And not surprisingly, day to day items are 2 or 3 times the price they would be in the rest of the country.

After the war, the Hudson Bay Company moved in to the neighbouring valley of Apex.  They were Canada’s biggest company and at that time, they ‘owned’ 75% of the territory.  The company was incorporated in England in 1670, and were soon a leading company in the fur trade and this continued for over two centuries.  Even in the 20th century they remained one of the largest fur trading and fur merchandising companies in the world and they did not drop out until 1991!. Today, the company still exists as a large conglomerate involved in real estate, merchandising, owners of large department stores and natural resources.

This commerce and development drew the local Inuits, who moved to the town for services such as hospitals, education and of course the hope of work.  The population today is around 8,000, and according to Benoit, there are 5 types of people living here:  Misinformed, Missionaries, Mercenaries, Misfits and Manhunters 😯.  In reality, the Inuits are the more permanent residents, with the rest only normally stay for a few years.

We started our ‘cultural’ tour with a short time to look around the museum and visitors centre.  The guys working in the visitors centre were so excited that I was visiting from New Zealand 😀 but unfortunate there is not much I can buy in the way of souvenirs so far as most things are made out of seal fur or reindeer antler which could be problematic when it comes to going home.

The low cloud and constant rain probably did not help with my view of the town, but it was really depressing!  Muddy, potholed roads, lots of rubbish in the streets.  Apparently, much of the rubbish is brought in by the construction companies, which is then just left behind when they leave!  The mayor has started an initiative this year to make the city more beautiful and I do hope they are successful. 

It was hard to see much as we drove around the town in the bus as it was still raining and now the bus windows were fogging up due to all the moisture inside (that moisture being us 😂).  We did manage to spot St Jude’s Cathedral, built in 1972 and often just referred to as “the Igloo” (due to it’s giant igloo shaped dome) and an Elementary school that looks like a two story ice block!. 

We drove out of the town and up to a view point, of course with no view.  The site was an old military base, much of which has been removed now and an existing long range radar, one of many that are around the country. The Artic tundra is barren – oh so barren.   But, when you took a minute to look at the ground in more detail the small plants and mosses are actually quite colourful.

Back down through the town to a beach, we passed an old Hudson Bay building in what appears now to be the ‘suburb’ of Apex.  From here we had to stop at the first traffic light in the Artic to get across a one lane bridge before making our way to Sylvia Grinnell National Park, were we were supposed to have our walk (the rain really had not stopped so probably not a bad thing not to be walking!).  We quickly walked up to the viewpoint over the river where a couple of locals were fishing for Char, the main local catch, apparently it is like Salmon but better!

Our final stop was to see the Baffin huskies.  Being working dogs, they are not kept in people’s houses, but are all keep in one area on the outskirts of town. Apparently, this breed of dog are strong and not particularly fast but they work well together to pull sleds in the winter.

We headed back to the ship in the mist, just in time to have some afternoon tea.  The tour was not my first choice of activities for the day and it was unexpectedly bazaar, but rather wonderful in its oddness 😂.  They weather really did not clear all day but the ocean was so calm and looked beautiful through the mist.